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JAKARTA, Dec. 13 () -- Indonesia and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) on Tuesday launched the Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA), a combination of a method to evaluate damage and loss due to disaster and a review on human needs for recovery, a press statement said here."This will be the main guidance for the government in addressing post-disaster condition," said Syamsul Maarif, head of the National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB) in the statement.With the reference, it is expected that emergency response process and post-disaster needs fulfillment could run smoothly and thoroughly.The guidance is implemented when West Sumatra province was rocked by a strong earthquake, flashflood in Wasior district of Papua province, tsunami in Mentawai islands in 2009 as well as when Mount Merapi erupted in the border of Yogyakarta and Central Java provinces in 2010 and others."PDNA is a foundation for all stakeholders in composing planning and policies for recovery," said MaarifHead of UNDP Indonesia Beate Trankmann said that PDNA is a real form of UNDP's support for the Indonesian government in fortifying efforts for disaster mitigation.
LONDON, Dec. 18 () -- With one third of the total population being immigrants, London, and Britain at large, have benefited tremendously from the flow over the past 60 years, one of the country's leading organizations protecting the rights of migrants told in a recent interview ahead of the International Migrants Day which falls on Sunday.Don Flynn, director of the charity Migrants' Rights Network (MRN) said that MRN was set up to support all migrants, and to help groups representing those migrants.The MRN office is in a prestigious part of London, just bordering the financial heart of the capital in the City of London. Outside, protesters from the Occupy London Stock Exchange movement have been camped in a square on public land for over two months as they protest against the bankers' crisis.Inside the office, the work of MRN goes on, in its way a protest too at the raw deal that migrants can sometimes get as they enter a new society and a different culture.It may appear ironic that MRN has its offices here; migrants often begin their new lives in Britain by working in lower paid jobs, and can sometimes live on the margins of society. But that's because MRN has been able to get the offices for a limited period only, filling in on the end of a business lease for a few years, and has been able to get them at very low cost because no one else wants such a short lease. Next year, like some migrants, MRN will have to move.Flynn outlined Britain's history of migration, which kicked off since the 1950s, in which 30 of those years the range of immigrants was limited to the Commonwealth countries -- Caribbean countries and the Indian sub-continent countries that had close, historic connections with Britain."Now, the streams of migrants who are coming in are much more diverse," said Flynn."People who are coming from all corners of the globe, do not necessarily having strong or historical connections with the UK and there are lots challenges there. The sort of challenges which if you rise to them you will be making a success of your local community."It is common nowadays, said Flynn, to find that in your child's classroom there are 10 different nationalities represented in a class which has perhaps 30 children in it.Migrants are a large group of people in Britain as 700,000 people enter the country annually, he went on."Immigrants are a very very diverse group of people -- they extend right the way from professionals coming to work in the City of London, consultants coming to work in hospitals to manual workers," said Flynn."The biggest single group are students -- people coming here for courses that are longer than 12 months, and there are something in the region of over 350,000 of those a year," he said.Education is a big business and a money-spinner for Britain. Undergraduate courses can cost 10,000 pounds or more for foreign students, and they must also support themselves why studying, spending perhaps another 10,000 pounds. For an economy like Britain's which is teetering on the edge of a new recession and where money has suddenly become short, it is a considerable contribution to the national economy.Students make up more than 50 percent of all the immigrant categories, said Flynn.The more traditional image of the low-paid, low-skilled migrant is now "largely made up of European nationals who have got the right to come into the country" because of their country's membership of the European Union, which allows free movement across borders for most nationals of its member states."It is very common for them, when they first arrive here, to work in low-skill jobs and in casual employment of one sort or another," said Flynn.Flynn went on, "As you would expect with such a diverse group there are a whole range of different experiences, some of them very positive, some of them ranging into the areas that are more problematic particularly in the field of employment there is a great deal of concern that migrants are under pressure in a very tight jobs market and migrants are expected to carry a lot of the risk; their contracts of employment are not as secure as they ought to be. Downward pressure on wage levels and so on."In Britain, immigration has become a leading political issue. It has come to be regarded as being symbolic of people's dissatisfaction with the last government, and the current coalition government of David Cameron has made one of its principal tasks to reduce immigration from hundreds of thousands to below 100,000 over the course of their five-year term in parliament.However, as the global economic downturn reduced the numbers of those leaving Britain, and consequently the figures of net migrants, the number of immigrants entering minus the number of emigrants leaving saw an increase.Flynn said that ordinary people can often have no personal problem with immigration, but be critical of it. "Often when questioned 'what is your problem with immigration' -- they say 'I don't have one personally myself, all the immigrants I know or work with are fine but I read the newspapers but it is always prominent in the headlines that they are coming here in large numbers'," said Flynn.Since coming to power in 2010 the coalition British government has tried to reduce immigration but, according to Flynn, "it has carried on growing, and is now about a quarter of a million people a year. So it has the potential to get back onto the political agenda again in a way that people will regard as being problematic and controversial."Flynn said that a major benefit for any society from migrants was diversity, and that was true of Britain."Right the way across the world at the moment, a badge of your success at being a cosmopolitan country ... is immigration and one of the clearest examples of that is a city like London," he said."If anyone has the opportunity to visit this city knows that something in the region of about a third of the population were born abroad and it is regarded as being phenomenally successful. It is ironic that London, being the area where the density of migrants is highest, is also the area where peoples' expression of concern about immigration tends to be the lowest," he added.The situation changes in other provincial cities where "immigration is lower but there are higher levels of anxiety."Another benefit is the linguistic and cultural expertise that immigrants bring, which can be a big bonus for the host nation.In Britain, people are often "not very good at learning foreign languages" said Flynn, "which is a big disadvantage if you are trading in a global economy.""One of the skills that migrants very definitely bring here is knowledge of foreign languages but also knowledge of foreign business systems; Chinese workers, Indian workers -- very big important markets that represent the future. The advantage of having nationals of those countries living and working alongside you is immense," he said.
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